Transformation of Cs-exchanged clinoptilolite to CsAlSi<inf>5</inf>O<inf>12</inf> by hot-pressing

Abstract

Dense CsAlSi5O12 was successfully obtained by hot pressing of Cs-exchanged clinoptilolite at 900 °C. Simultaneous application of high temperature and mechanical pressure allowed formation of CsAlSi5O12 at temperature considerably lower than 1150 °C which was the lowest reported temperature of CsAlSi5O12 formation in pressureless sintered Cs-exchanged clinoptilolite. CsAlSi5O12 formation was preceded by complete amorphisation of Cs-exchanged clinoptilolite in temperature range between 700 and 900 °C. Bearing in mind that clinoptilolite possesses high affinity for Cs cation it is believed that hot pressing of Cs-exchanged clinoptilolite might be an efficient way to immobilize radioactive Cs by its incorporation into crystal lattice of stable CsAlSi5O12. The samples sintered at 950 °C had relative density about 84% of theoretical density and open porosity of only 6% which is expected to result in low Cs leaching rate.