EDXRF spectrometry determination of tungsten in tobacco plants after antiviral treatment with 12-tungstophosphoric acid and its compounds

Abstract

In this study, we have developed a sensitive, rapid and simple procedure for the energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence (EDXRF) spectrometry measurement of tungsten in tobacco plant parts. Only 0.1g of dried plant material is needed instead of the usual 1g. EDXRF spectrometry is used for quantitative measurement, after the foliar application of solutions of tungstophosphoric acid (WPA), its magnesium salt and compounds with glycine (Gly) and alanine (Ala), in exact quantities. After that, the leaves, trunks and summits were collected and prepared separately. Tungsten is determined directly in raw dried material, and the overlap of the tungsten peak with zinc's that is present is avoided by the spectral deconvolution to obtain quantitative results. The prepared dry tablets weighed 100mg, and measurement time was 2000s. The radioisotope excitation source used was (109)Cd and tungsten was identified and quantified at the L(alpha1) and L(alpha2) lines at the energies of 8397.6eV and 8335.2eV, respectively. EDXRF spectrometry was applied in a wide range of concentrations (up to 2000mg/kg), with an estimated detection concentration limit of 15mg/kg, calculated on dried material. Quantitative analysis of different parts of the treated plant plus the washings gave 94.47% recovery of the applied tungsten in different compound forms. After the foliar application of investigated WPA compounds, there were noticed both vertical and horizontal distributions of tungsten through out the tobacco plants, according to the EDXRF spectrometry results. This conclusion is also in agreement with the positive effects of WPA on Tobacco mosaic tobamovirus (TMV) infection of Nicotiana tabacum (Solanaceae).